The high-flying cloud company is making big investments to keep selling subscriptions at a brisk pace
Okta, a San Francisco-based identity and access management company, is fundamentally weaker than many analysts believe, making its booming stock priced to perfection.
The company was early out of the gate for cloud-subscription IPOs in 2017, and the valuation has reaped the benefits of Wall Street’s enthusiasm for subscription models. However, a reasonable price to initiate Okta as a buy-and-hold investment is now in the rearview mirror, rendering it a momentum play. That will be important for investors when they review its earnings report for the three months through July after the stock market closes Wednesday.
Okta’s stock OKTA, -1.41% dropped 10% on weakening guidance for both revenue and earnings per share (EPS) in the March earnings report. The stock quickly recovered, as there was little adjustment given for lower EPS guidance.
Investors put that out of their mind, as the stock recovered with renewed momentum within a few days and has not looked back. Last quarter, Okta raised its guidance to expected losses of $0.45 to $0.49 per share, although this “improvement” is relative, as the original expectations of the full-year loss was at $0.22 per share prior to the March earnings report.
Richly valued
Valuation has been an ongoing worry with Okta, as the company has the highest forward price-to-sales in its category, at 27, with a current price-to-sales of 34. Compare this to Workday WDAY, -1.61% at 12 forward price-to-sales, Veeva Systems (which is profitable) VEEV, +0.43% at 22, and Twilio TWLO, -0.43% at 15.
There is ample evidence that, although Okta is priced to perfection, it does not need to report perfection to continue its momentum. This is one red flag for a buy-and-hold strategy at current prices, but a positive sign for momentum trading. Eventually, the market will want perfection for the price it’s paying when macro conditions warrant more discernment.
For instance, many analysts are touting the stock for positive free cash flow (FCF), although this is from operating cash efficiencies. Okta does not have positive free cash flow from positive net income, which is something financial analysts are writing out of the script entirely.
Free cash flow becomes more indicative of financial health when net income is positive; to separate the two underweights profitability, which is a mistake for buy-and-hold investors (or analysts) when evaluating the stock. Free cash flow positive is much more celebratory when net income is positive.
In fact, Okta suffered a record net loss in the fiscal first quarter that ended in April. Okta’s loss widened nearly 200% year-over-year, to $51.9 million. This led to diluted EPS of negative 46 cents, compared with negative 25 cents in the year-earlier quarter.
Lastly, Okta is no longer a debt-free company and is carrying $275 million in convertible senior notes.
Wall Street is laser-focused on Okta’s top line, and is a little blind-sided to the bottom line as free cash flow and subscription growth were the only touted highlights from last quarter’s earnings report.
Okta posted 53% year-over-year growth in subscription services to $108.5 million, while professional services revenue grew 15% to $7 million. Total calculated billings hit $158.9 million, with trailing 12-month subscriptions jumping 55% to $488.2 million.
The increase in net losses from the most recent quarter was under-reported due to subscriptions driving revenue growth of 50% year-over-year.
In the upcoming earnings report, the bar for revenue is set to less than 40%, which is an easy hurdle for a subscription cloud company that has been posting 50%-plus revenue growth for many consecutive quarters.
Under the hood
In Okta’s case, there are two areas I am watching more closely, as spending is substantial and executive decisions are slightly unusual.
The first is sales and marketing expenses, which are nearly two-thirds of revenue. At Workday, sales and marketing comprise 30% of revenue, Twilio is at about a third and Zoom Video Communications ZM, -1.71% is at about half.
This signifies Okta needs to spend a lot to scale and maintain its footing. Selling, general and administrative (S&GA) expenses were nearly 85%, or $107 million, of $125 million in total revenue in the most recent quarter. Notably, Okta’s S&GA and research and development (R&D) exceed revenue at 114%.
The second clue is a few recent acquisitions that will hurt Okta’s financials. For instance, Okta’s $52.5 million purchase of early-stage startup Azuqua will dent operating expenses. (Early-stage startups tend to have thin margins, although exact numbers from Azuqua weren’t provided.)
There is also a recently announced $50 million venture fund. Creating venture funds is typically a positive, as companies including Twilio and Workday also have created venture funds to help incubate firms that use its product and services. However, in Okta’s case, it’s funding startups to help innovate the core product, which is concerning because Okta is not even profitable yet and is already looking for help to iterate the core product, rather than incubate to increase demand in the market.
Looking deeper, I believe Okta is throwing a lot of weight into product because the mega-cap cloud server companies are in the identity and access management (IAM) market. Okta has to provide a compelling reason to use an add-on service to Microsoft MSFT, -0.13% Azure, Google GOOG, +0.27% GOOGL, +0.25% Cloud, Amazon’s AMZN, +0.14% AWS and IBM IBM, +1.21% Cloud rather than use the in-house identity and access management service.
Okta does have a competitive advantage due to its superior product, which is confirmed by third-party analysts Gartner and Forrester. The one issue to consider for the long term is that larger rivals are going to protect their turf. Cloud infrastructure is a revenue segment that will determine the world’s most valuable company over the next few years, and Okta has an incredible feat ahead to remain more agile and to iterate faster than opponents that have bottomless amounts of cash. On that note, Okta could make a great acquisition for one of those companies, though any prospective suitor would have to overpay.
Conclusion
Okta is unlikely to miss estimates on revenue as the subscription model helps protect growth, yet other line items may continue to miss or weaken. Okta has no choice but to spend heavily on its market position — either through S&GA, R&D or acquisitions — to fend off larger cloud competitors that are a one-stop shop for identity and access management, and are currently engaged in a battle for cloud infrastructure.
Overall, Okta became a fundamentally weaker company in the past two quarters, yet the stock price does not reflect this, which is why it makes a better momentum play than a buy-and-hold. Previous earnings reports prove that although priced to perfection, the company does not need to report perfection in order for the stock to claw at a higher price-to-sales ratio.